Virtual Law Practice

Tag: unintentional disclosure

  • Recent AZ Bar Ethics Opinion Discusses eLawyering Methods

    The Arizona State Bar has published Ethics Opinion 09-04 “Confidentiality; Maintaining Client Files; Electronic Storage; Internet” in December 2009.  This opinion will apply to attorneys operating virtual law practices within the AZ Bar jurisdiction and is similar to the NC Bar 2008 Formal Ethics Opinion 5, Web-based Management of Client Records published July 2008.  In fact the NC Formal Ethics Opinion 5 is cited in this new AZ opinion.

    AZ Opinion 09-04 addresses the ability of an attorney to work with clients and deliver legal services online.  The question presented in the opinion lays out the method that the inquiring attorney would use to securely deliver the documents to his or her clients online.  In this case, the documents would be converted to “password-protected PDF format,” and the client would access those files for review over a secure site which uses “encryption and three layers of unique randomly generated alpha-numeric folder names and passwords.”

    The AZ Bar pointed to the two related, existing rules of professional conduct which are the same rules that we have seen applied in other opinions related to virtual law practice: Competence and Confidentiality of Information.  A previous AZ Bar ethics opinion has permitted electronic storage of law office data, including clients’ files (Az Ethics Op.05-04). 

    Here is what I love about this opinion.  They allow for the proposed method of delivering legal services online to the client, but they recognize that this is not where it ends. From the Opinion:

    However, the Committee also recognizes that technology advances may make certain protective measures obsolete over time.  Therefore, the Committee does not suggest that the protective measures at issue in Ethics Op. 05-04 or in this opinion necessarily satisfy ER 1.6’s requirements indefinitely.  Instead, whether a particular system provides reasonable protective measures must be “informed by the technology reasonably available at the time to secure data against unintentional disclosure.” N.J. Ethics Op. 701.  As technology advances occur, lawyers should periodically review security measures in place to ensure that they still reasonably protect the security and confidentiality of the clients’ documents and information. (emphasis added)

    This is clearly the best way that the state bars can address virtual law practice without preventing or discouraging innovation.   The attorney practicing law online has the responsibility to stay current on the security issues involved in using the technology. If they are not able to do so for themselves, then they need to trust an IT professional or their SaaS provider to keep their system up to date and protected.

  • Book Review – The Electronic Evidence and Discovery Handbook by Sharon D. Nelson, Bruce A. Olson and John W. Simek

    I was fortunate to win the above titled book as a prize during the Macs Practice Law Week hosted by The Inspired Solo. The authors, Sharon D. Nelson, Bruce A. Olson and John W. Simek, mention in the introduction to the book that when they predicted that all lawyers would need to learn about electronic discovery (ED) in the near future, they were meet with the same remarks from attorneys that I hear about virtual law practices — it’s just a trend and will not have an impact on the way that I practice law.

    Until I read through this book, I don’t think I realized either the extent to which issues surrounding ED have crept into every law practice — even solos and small firms. It has gotten me thinking about the ways that I need to counsel my clients, not just my small business clients, but also my family law and estate administration clients. Clients need to be educated about their own electronic activities and how those actions could show up again as electronic evidence in their legal cases.

    As the authors make clear in The Electronic Evidence and Discovery Handbook, messages written in an email will hang around longer and have more copies than a contract written on paper and stuck in a file somewhere. Not only is this good evidence, but in some cases, it may be easier to get a hold of.

    In this day and age, I find it difficult to imagine that anyone could assume that just because they are communicating by email or text message, that this is somehow not a “real” transfer of information. There have been many articles along these lines in the past few years, especially regarding the inappropriate use of email or the slack way in which even professionals will write messages to colleagues and clients using slang or unprofessional language.

    This trend seems to be changing, or at least people are becoming better at determining what e-conduct is appropriate for which e-format. You can disclose TMI or TFS comments on your personal D&D listserv, but BTW you should write in complete sentences when emailing opposing counsel from your law office.

    In my virtual law practice, I try to avoid using email because it is unencrypted and therefore, not a secure way to communicating with clients. My VLO provides a secure way to communicate with my clients and I use this as a way to lock down the terms of our attorney/client relationship and the scope of legal services I am providing. As with a traditional retainer agreement, I count on the fact that in the event that I ever need to defend my actions, I will be able to use my e-correspondence with the client as electronic evidence.

    The Electronic Evidence and Discovery Handbook is a fascinating book on a topic that affects all attorneys, even solos and small firm practitioners. With useful forms, checklists and guidelines on the included CD, I’d recommend it as a useful addition to any law office library — virtual law offices all the more.

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